Easiest Electrochemistry Notes12th class Cbse

"Electrochemistry" in Class 12 Chemistry:

Introduction:

• Electrochemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the relationship between chemical reactions and electricity.
• In electrochemical reactions, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy or vice versa.

Electrochemical Cells:

• An electrochemical cell is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy.
• Electrochemical cells are of two types: galvanic cells and electrolytic cells.
• Galvanic cells, also known as voltaic cells, convert chemical energy into electrical energy through spontaneous redox reactions.
• Electrolytic cells, on the other hand, use electrical energy to drive non-spontaneous redox reactions.

Standard Electrode Potential:

• Standard electrode potential is the potential difference between a half-cell and a standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) under standard conditions.
• The standard electrode potential is used to determine the feasibility and direction of a redox reaction.

Nernst Equation:

• The Nernst equation is an equation that relates the electrode potential of a cell to the concentrations of the reactants and products in the cell.
• The Nernst equation is used to calculate the electrode potential of a cell under non-standard conditions.

Conductance of Electrolytic Solutions:

• The conductance of an electrolytic solution is the ability of the solution to conduct electricity.
• Conductance is measured in units of siemens per meter (S/m) or reciprocal ohm meters (Ω^-1m^-1).
• The conductance of an electrolytic solution depends on the concentration of ions in the solution and the mobility of the ions.

Electrolysis:

• Electrolysis is the process of using electricity to drive a non-spontaneous redox reaction.
• In electrolysis, the cathode attracts cations and reduces them, while the anode attracts anions and oxidizes them.
• Electrolysis has many practical applications, such as in the production of metals and the purification of metals.

Corrosion:

• Corrosion is the process of deterioration of a material due to chemical reactions with its environment.
• Electrochemical corrosion involves the transfer of electrons from the metal to the environment, leading to the degradation of the metal.
• Corrosion can be prevented by using coatings, such as paint, or by using sacrificial anodes.

In conclusion, the chapter "Electrochemistry" in Class 12 Chemistry covers important concepts related to electrochemical cells, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation, conductance of electrolytic solutions, electrolysis, and corrosion.