Easiest Coordination compound Notes12th class Cbse

"Coordination Compounds" in Class 12 Chemistry:

Introduction:

Coordination compounds are complex compounds that contain a central metal ion or atom surrounded by a group of ligands. The ligands are molecules or ions that donate a pair of electrons to the metal ion, forming a coordinate bond. Coordination compounds have many practical applications, including in medicine, catalysis, and materials science.

Nomenclature:

Coordination compounds are named using a set of rules that specify the order in which the ligands and metal ion are named. The ligands are named first, followed by the metal ion, and then any counter ions. The naming of ligands is based on their nature and the number of donor atoms they have.

Isomerism:

Coordination compounds exhibit different types of isomerism, including structural isomerism, stereo isomerism, and geometrical isomerism. Structural isomerism occurs when the ligands are arranged differently around the metal ion. Stereoisomerism occurs when the ligands are arranged in the same way around the metal ion, but the spatial orientation of the ligands is different. Geometrical isomerism occurs when the ligands are arranged in the same way around the metal ion, but the relative orientation of the ligands is different.

Bonding:

The bonding in coordination compounds can be explained using various models, including the valence bond theory and the crystal field theory. The valence bond theory explains the bonding in terms of overlapping orbitals between the metal ion and the ligands. The crystal field theory explains the bonding in terms of the electrostatic interaction between the metal ion and the ligands.

Magnetic Properties:

The magnetic properties of coordination compounds can be used to determine their electronic configuration. Coordination compounds can be classified as diamagnetic, paramagnetic, or ferromagnetic depending on their electronic configuration.

Applications:

Coordination compounds have many practical applications, including in medicine, catalysis, and materials science. In medicine, coordination compounds are used as chemotherapy drugs. In catalysis, coordination compounds are used as catalysts for various reactions. In materials science, coordination compounds are used to make materials with specific properties.

In conclusion, the chapter "Coordination Compounds" in Class 12 Chemistry covers important concepts related to the nomenclature, isomerism, bonding, magnetic properties, and applications of coordination compounds.